Clark County Council Meetings

Clark County Council meetings are open to the public, in person or online.

Council Meetings are held in a hybrid format. You can join in person, on the 6th floor of the Public Service Center, 1300 Franklin Street, Vancouver, WA 98666, or virtually.

For meeting dates and times, please see the County Council Calendar or the Weekly Calendar on our Meeting Information page.

If you would like to participate in public comment, you can come to the Public Service Center 6th floor Hearing Room, provide comment over the phone, or by logging into WebEx.

All documents are in PDF format unless noted otherwise.

To request a document not available here, call 564-397-4305 or email:
rebecca.messinger@clark.wa.gov.

To request a video not available here, contact CVTV.

Date	Agendas & Minutes	Related Documents	Audio/Video
7/13/2026	1:00pm Agenda	Emergency Medical Service District #2 Board - Hybrid; join in person or WebEx Participate in the following ways: In person, 6th floor of the Public Service Center, 1300 Franklin Street, Vancouver, WA 98666 Watch live on CVTV (Comcast channel 23) or Livestream from your personal computer Join by computer: WebEx Link Join by phone: Dial: 1-408-418-9388 Access Code: 2491 543 9769 Password: EMS2 (3672 from phones) 3 to raise hand during public comment AGENDA* Roll Call Action Items Approval of minutes from April 13, 2026 Approval of warrants for Q1 2026 Approval of 2026 Fall Supplemental budget items Approval of Amendment #1 to EMS Interlocal Cooperation Agreement Approval to Amend the Bylaws Update/Discussion Items Financial information EMS Administration Board report Clinical Report Other Public Comment Adjournment
7/12/2026	Weekly Calendar
7/8/2026		Please note: Work Sessions and Council Time scheduled for July 8 have been cancelled due to lack of a quorum.
7/7/2026		Please note: The meeting scheduled for July 7 at 10am has been cancelled due to lack of a quorum.
7/5/2026	Weekly Calendar
7/1/2026	9:00am	Work Sessions - Hybrid; join in person or WebEx Participate in the following ways: In person, 6th floor of the Public Service Center, 1300 Franklin Street, Vancouver, WA 98666 Join by computer: WebEx Link Join by phone: Dial: 1-408-418-9388 Webinar Number: 2486 907 3039 Password: BOCC (2622 from phones) Work Session: Law & Justice related issues Work Session: Land Use, Housing, and Rural chapters, proposed changes to the mobile home code, transportation project list and evaluation criteria* Meeting materials (more will be added as available) Presentation (updated 7/1) Chapter 1 Land Use Element Chapter 1 Land Use Element Explanation of Proposed Countywide Planning Policy Amendments without Consensus Chapter 2 Housing Element Chapter 3 Rural and Natural Resource Element Manufactured Home Park Memo Transportation Capital Facilities Plan Project List Annexation (added 7/1) *This is one of a series of work sessions scheduled by the Clark County Council and Planning Commission on the Comprehensive Plan update in preparation for the adoption process. Learn more about the planned work sessions at this link.	WS: Law and Justice Related Issues WS: Comp Plan Related
	1:00pm Agenda	Council Time - Hybrid; join in person or WebEx Council Meetings are held in a hybrid format, join virtually or in person. Participate in the following ways: In person, 6th floor of the Public Service Center, 1300 Franklin Street, Vancouver, WA 98666 Join by computer: WebEx Link Join by phone: Dial: 1-408-418-9388 Access Code: 2486 907 3039 Password: BOCC (2622 when dialing from a phone or video system) press *3 on phone to raise hand Councilor Roll Call Amendments to the Agenda Public Comment - on agenda items only Old Business 4.1 Approval of Minutes for June 24, 2026 4.2 Policy Facilitator Scope of Work New Business 5.1 De-escalation Training 5.2 America250 Proclamation 5.3 Clark Public Utilities Letter of Support 5.4 Draft Resolution – Light Rail to Library Square 5.5 HB1345 – Rural ADU Changes Councilor's Reports 6.1 Boards & Commission Reports Work Session Requests 7.1 North County Recycling and Transfer Station Siting Study 7.2 CCC 24.12.130 - Amendment to Remove $1.43 tipping fee Policy Updates Executive Session(s) 9.1 RCW 42.30.110(1)(g) – 30 minutes, no potential after action 9.2 Potential Litigation RCW 42.30.110(1)(i) – 10 minutes, no potential after action 9.3 Pending Litigation RCW 42.30.110(1)(i) – 15 minutes, no potential after action	Council Time
6/28/2026	Weekly Calendar
6/24/2026	8:30am Agenda	Board of Health Hybrid; join in person or WebEx Participate in the following ways: In person, 6th floor of the Public Service Center, 1300 Franklin Street, Vancouver, WA 98666 Watch live on CVTV (Comcast channel 23) Livestream from your personal computer: www.cvtv.org Join by computer: WebEx Link Join by phone: Dial: 1-408-418-9388 Access Code: 2489 832 3162 Password: BOCC (2622 when dialing from a phone or video system) press 3 on phone to raise hand Submit comments:* Written via email: www.clark.wa.gov/councilors/public-comment Written via US Postal Service to the Clark County Council, c/o Rebecca Messinger, PO Box 5000, Vancouver, WA 98666-500 During the meeting from your computer or phone: follow these instructions Board of Health Pledge of Allegiance Roll Call Amendments to the Agenda Comments from the Public - written comments rec'd Consent Agenda - minutes approved: May 20, 2026 Public Health in Action Healthy Communities (Prioritizing Places) - Presentation - Overview - Fourth Plain Coalition Logic Model Public Health Advisory Council Membership: Youth Representative Director's Update State Department of Health Foundational Public Health Services (FPHS) budget cuts – update on impacts to CCPH Comments from the Board	Board of Health
	work sessions will begin at the conclusion of Board of Health meeting	Work Sessions - Hybrid; join in person or WebEx Participate in the following ways: In person, 6th floor of the Public Service Center, 1300 Franklin Street, Vancouver, WA 98666 Join by computer: WebEx Link Join by phone: Dial: 1-408-418-9388 Webinar Number: 2489 832 3162 Password: BOCC (2622 from phones) Work Session: 2027 Budget Process Considerations & Direction Presentation (updated 6/23/26, 4:46pm) Work Session: Jail Update & Expansion Project Update & Potential Other Law and Justice Issues Presentation: Jail Services - Funding Research Presentation: Jail Renovation and Expansion Project	WS: 2027 Budget Process Considerations & Direction WS: Jail Update & Expansion Project Update, Etc. Part I; Part II
	1:00pm Agenda Minutes	Council Time - Hybrid; join in person or WebEx Council Meetings are held in a hybrid format, join virtually or in person. Participate in the following ways: In person, 6th floor of the Public Service Center, 1300 Franklin Street, Vancouver, WA 98666 Join by computer: WebEx Link Join by phone: Dial: 1-408-418-9388 Access Code: 2489 832 3162 Password: BOCC (2622 when dialing from a phone or video system) press 3 on phone to raise hand 1. Councilor Roll Call* 2. Amendments to the Agenda 3. Public Comment - on agenda items only - written comments rec'd 4. Old Business 4.1 Approval of Minutes for June 17, 2026 4.2 Forest Advisory Committee Structure Draft 5. New Business 5.1 Police Vehicle Donation Request 5.2 Proclamation Request: Rita Burns Humanitarian Award 5.3 Superior Court: 13th Judge - Draft Letter 6. Councilor Reports 6.1 Boards & Commission Council Reports 7. Work Session Requests 7.1 Community Development: Fee update for the Land Use Review, Wetland and Habitat Review programs. 8. Policy Updates 9. Executive Sessions	Council Time
6/21/2026	Weekly Calendar
6/17/2026	9:00am	Work Sessions - Hybrid; join in person or WebEx Participate in the following ways: In person, 6th floor of the Public Service Center, 1300 Franklin Street, Vancouver, WA 98666 Join by computer: WebEx Link Join by phone: Dial: 1-408-418-9388 Webinar Number: 2484 079 3295 Password: BOCC (2622 from phones) Work Session: Update on Regional Solid Waste System Study Parametrix Presentation County Presentation Work Session: Clark County Code 2.79 Sheriff's Civil Service Fee Schedule	WS: Update on Regional Solid Waste System Study WS: CCC 2.79 Sheriff's Civil Service Fee Schedule
	1:00pm Agenda Minutes	Council Time - Hybrid; join in person or WebEx Council Meetings are held in a hybrid format, join virtually or in person. Participate in the following ways: In person, 6th floor of the Public Service Center, 1300 Franklin Street, Vancouver, WA 98666 Join by computer: WebEx Link Join by phone: Dial: 1-408-418-9388 Access Code: 2484 079 3295 Password: BOCC (2622 when dialing from a phone or video system) press 3 on phone to raise hand 1. Councilor Roll Call* 2. Amendments to the Agenda 3. Public Comment - on agenda items only - written comments rec'd 4. Old Business 4.1 Approval of Minutes for June 10, 2026 4.2 Potential Council Charter Proposed Amendments-Financial Cost 5. New Business 6. Councilor Reports 7. Work Session Requests 7.1 Public Works, Clean Water Division: 2027-2032 Stormwater Capital Plan 7.2 Public Works, Programming: 2027 ACP and 2027-2032 TIP 8. Policy Updates 8.1 MPD Parks Potential Legislative Request (RCW 35.61) 8.2 2027-2029 State Biennial Budget 9. Executive Sessions 9.1 Potential Litigation, RCW 42.30.110(1)(i) - 15 minutes - no potential after action	Council Time
6/16/2026	6:00pm Agenda	Council Meetings are held in a hybrid format, join virtually or in person. Participate in the following ways: In person, 6th floor of the Public Service Center, 1300 Franklin Street, Vancouver, WA 98666 Watch live on CVTV (Comcast channel 23) Livestream from your personal computer: www.cvtv.org Join by computer: WebEx Link Join by phone: Dial: 1-408-418-9388 Access Code: 2481 731 3423 Password: BOCC (2622 when dialing from a phone or video system) press 3 on phone to raise hand Submit comments:* Written via email: www.clark.wa.gov/councilors/public-comment Written via US Postal Service to the Clark County Council, c/o Rebecca Messinger, PO Box 5000, Vancouver, WA 98666-5000 During the meeting from your computer or phone: follow these instructions Proclamations - Pollinator Week - Ride Transit Month Pledge of Allegiance Invocation Councilor Roll Call Amendments to the Agenda Public Hearing: Updates to Stormwater Code & Stormwater Manual Presentation Staff Report & Ordinance Stormwater Manual 2026 (strikeout & underline version) - Book 1 - Book 2 - Book 3 - Book 4 Stormwater Manual 2026 (final version) - Book 1 - Book 2 - Book 3 - Book 4 Open Public Comment and Public Comment on Consent and Separate Business Items - written comments rec'd Consent: Warrants approved: - 05/01 - 05/31/2026 Minutes approved for: - June 2, 2026 County Council Appointments and Letters of Acceptance for: - Jennifer Rosenberger appointed to the Commission on Aging - Olga Johnson appointed to the Community Action Advisory Board - John I. Meyer appointed to the Railroad Advisory Board Plats – for Notice Only - Kunze Farms PUD Phase 2 - Four Creeks South Subdivision Request approval of a contract amendment to extend the end date for DKS Associates to December 31, 2026 to provide technical assistance with capital facilities and transportation planning for the 2025 Comprehensive Growth Management Plan periodic update. Request approval of a Joint Resolution of the Clark, Klickitat, and Skamania Boards of County Councilors/Commissioners to appoint Richard Mahar to Position No. 3 on the Fort Vancouver Regional Library Board of Trustee’s representing Skamania County for a partial term ending December 31, 2026. Request approval of a Joint Resolution of the Clark, Klickitat, and Skamania Boards of County Councilors/Commissioners to appoint Jaynee Cavaness to Position No. 5 on the Fort Vancouver Regional Library Board of Trustee’s representing the City of Vancouver, effective immediately to December 31, 2031. Request approval authorizing the County Manager to sign Amendment No. 1 to the Emergency Medical Service Interlocal Cooperation Agreement between Clark County Emergency Medical Service District #2, Clark County, and the Cities of Battle Ground, La Center, Ridgefield, and Woodland for Ambulance Transport Services. Request approval to allocate $7,800 from the General Fund for Microsoft TEAMS licenses for eleven Charter Review Commissioners for 2026 and 2027. Request approval authorizing the County Manager to sign the amended Master Interlocal Agreement with Regional Transportation Council. Request approval of Amendment No. 6 to the KMB Architects Workday Contract SCN00002854 adding PFAS Filtration System Foundation Design and Site Modification for the Jail Work Center Expansion Medium Security Housing Construction Project. Request approval to accept funds awarded from the Washington State Criminal Justice Training Commission Officer Wellness grant to support corrections officers and staff in Clark County Jail. Also, request approval authorizing the County Manager to sign the grant contract and any resulting amendments. Recognize the need for a budget neutral supplemental during the 2026 fall supplemental and 2027 annual budget. Request approval authorizing the County Manager to sign a contact with LexisNexis for the Legal Research Platform, and any amendments, and council preapproval for additional budget authority for years three, four and five and to carry forward budget from year one to year two. Request approval of a resolution for the temporary road closure of Northeast 221st Avenue between Northeast 405th Way (private road) and State Route 503 and of Northeast 399th Street between State Route 503 to approximately 445 feet east of Northeast 211th Avenue (private road) for the Amboy Territorial Days Parade, on July 11, 2026, for a period not to exceed eight hours. Request approval of a resolution for three temporary road closures of NE 179th St between NW 51st Ave and NW 41st Ave, NW Krieger Rd between NW 179th St and NW 192nd St, and NE 67th Ave between NE 209th St and NE 219th St, to perform maintenance work on Whipple Creek, Knapps Station, and Carson Bridges, not to exceed 180 calendar days. Request approval of a resolution for the temporary road closure of NE 54th Street from approximately 600 feet east of NE St. Johns Road to approximately 220 feet west of NE 38th Avenue for a neighborhood block party on July 4, 2026, for a period not to exceed ten hours. Request approval of a resolution for the temporary road closure of NE 21st Street/NE 171st Avenue/NE 22nd Street for a neighborhood block party on July 4, 2026, for a period not to exceed ten hours. Request approval authorizing the County Manager to sign Amendment No. 6 with WireWorks LLC for Upfit Services to increase the contract funding by $450,000. Request approval to publish a Notice to Contractors requesting bids for the Whipple, Knapps, Carson Bridge Bundle project; CRP #320322/PRJ0001799. Request approval to create a capital project for the replacement of Lewisville Regional Park Central Shelter. (slides) Separate Business: Request approval authorizing the County Manager to sign Interagency Agreement K10522 between the State of Washington Department of Enterprise Services and Clark County, as well as any future amendments, for Commissioning Services on the jail Work Center New Medium Security Building. Request approval authorizing the County Manager to accept a Warranty Deed and Temporary Construction Easement from Joey B. Ricketts and Lorelei M. Ricketts for Tax Parcel No. 181264-000. Request approval to implement Clark County Fleet Services Green Fleet Transition Policy. Request approval authorizing the County Manager to sign Supplemental Agreement No. 4 (SCN00002358) with Apex Companies, LLC, formerly PBS Engineering & Environmental, Inc., for groundwater monitoring activities at Camp Bonneville, increasing the contract by $71,929.85 for a new not-to-exceed amount of $1,093,234.85. Request approval authorizing the County Manager to execute a Professional Services Agreement with Maul Foster & Alongi, Inc. (SCN00004500) for professional, technical, and expert services for groundwater monitoring activities at Camp Bonneville in the amount of $847,667. Request approval to raise the 2026 budget for Special Purpose Fund 6310 (Solid Waste Closure) by $740,000, aligning with projected costs in the 2026 Leichner Landfill Revised Environmental Compliance Budget. Additionally, authorize the County Manager to sign Amendment No. 5 with SCS Engineers maintenance and monitoring agreement written under RFP 854 for the updated 2026 budget and scope. Request approval to sell tax-title parcel 986036575 via public online auction. Request approval to sell tax-title parcel 986030018 via public online auction. Request approval to sell tax-title parcel 174537000 via public online auction. Request approval to sell tax-title parcel 163613290 via public online auction. Request approval to sell tax-title parcel 130283000 via public online auction. County Manager Report Adjourn	Council Meeting
6/14/2026	Weekly Calendar
6/10/2026	9:00am	Work Sessions - Hybrid; join in person or WebEx Participate in the following ways: In person, 6th floor of the Public Service Center, 1300 Franklin Street, Vancouver, WA 98666 Join by computer: WebEx Link Join by phone: Dial: 1-408-418-9388 Webinar Number: 2482 724 9857 Password: BOCC (2622 from phones) Work Sessions: HB 2442 & Subordinate Levies Presentation Work Session: Gordy Jolma Family Natural Area - Final Habitat & Recreation Plan Presentation Work Session: Comp Plan Update: Community Framework Plan, Environment, Parks, Historic, Economic Development, Schools, Community Design, Annexation, Shoreline and Climate chapters Presentation Summary of Goals and Policies reviewed with Council 4/16/2025, 8/6/2025 & 8/20/2025 Draft Comprehensive Plan Elements/Chapters Community Framework Plan Environment Parks Historic Economic Development Schools Community Design Annexation Shoreline Climate Additional information can be found at Community Planning's Meeting and Event Information Page.	WS: HB 2442 WS: GJFNA WS: Comp Plan
	1:00pm Agenda (update 6/9/26, 12:00PM) Minutes	Council Time - Hybrid; join in person or WebEx Council Meetings are held in a hybrid format, join virtually or in person. Participate in the following ways: In person, 6th floor of the Public Service Center, 1300 Franklin Street, Vancouver, WA 98666 Join by computer: WebEx Link Join by phone: Dial: 1-408-418-9388 Access Code: 2482 724 9857 Password: BOCC (2622 from phones) press 3 on phone to raise hand 1. Councilor Roll Call* 2. Amendments to the Agenda 3. Public Comment - on agenda items only - written comments rec'd 4. Executive Session(s) 4.1 Potential Litigation, RCW 42.30.110(1)(i) – 10 minutes, potential after action 5. Old Business 5.1 Approval of Minutes for June 3, 2026 6. New Business 6.1 Proclamation Request: Lake Appreciation Month-Honoring Vancouver, Lake 6.2 Potential Interim Ordinance: Transportation Concurrency Code 6.3 Number of Ethics Review Commissioner (CCC 2.07.020) (Draft Ord. Update 5.29.26) 6.4 Potential Council Charter Proposed Amendments (added 6/10/2026 at 8:09am) 7. Councilor Reports 7.1 Boards & Commission Reports by Councilors 8. Work Session Requests 8.1 Clark County Youth Commission-Discussion (added 6/8/26 at 10:12AM) 9. Policy Updates 10. Executive Sessions 10.1 RCW 42.30.110(g) - 15 minutes, no potential after action 10.2 RCW 42.30.110(g) - 5 minutes, potential after action	Council Time
6/7/2026	Weekly Calendar
6/3/2026	9:00am	Work Sessions - Hybrid; join in person or WebEx Participate in the following ways: In person, 6th floor of the Public Service Center, 1300 Franklin Street, Vancouver, WA 98666 Join by computer: WebEx Link Join by phone: Dial: 1-408-418-9388 Webinar Number: 2486 698 4337 Password: BOCC (2622 from phones) Joint Work Session with the Veterans Advisory Board & Veterans Assistance Center Presentation Work Session: Minnehaha (Trillium) Park Plan Presentation Work Session: North County Recycling & Transfer Station Siting Study Update Presentation	Joint WS: VAB WS: Minnehaha Park Plan WS: NCRTS Siting Study
	1:00pm Agenda Minutes	Council Time - Hybrid; join in person or WebEx Council Meetings are held in a hybrid format, join virtually or in person. Participate in the following ways: In person, 6th floor of the Public Service Center, 1300 Franklin Street, Vancouver, WA 98666 Join by computer: WebEx Link Join by phone: Dial: 1-408-418-9388 Access Code: 2486 698 4337 Password: BOCC (2622 from phones) press 3 on phone to raise hand 1. Councilor Roll Call* 2. Amendments to the Agenda 3. Public Comment - on agenda items only - written comments rec'd (as of 6/3, 11:54am) 4. Old Business 4.1 Approval of Minutes for May 13, 2026 & May 20, 2026 5. New Business 5.1 Freight Rail Dependent Use (FRDU) - SB5820 5.2 Proclamation Request: Ride Transit Month 6. Councilor Reports 6.1 Boards & Commission Reports 7. Work Session Requests 7.1 Clark County Code 2.79 - Sheriff's Civil Service Fee Schedule 7.2 HB 2442 and Subordinate Levies 8. Policy Updates 8.1 Legislative Briefing Follow Up 8.2 HB 2015 Grant Update 9. Executive Sessions	Council Time
6/2/2026	2:00pm	State Lobbyist Briefing The meeting is held virtually via WebEx Participate in the following ways: Join by computer: WebEx Link Join by phone: Dial: 1-408-418-9388 Access Code: 2485 398 2633 Password: BOCC (2622 from phones)
	10:00am Agenda Minutes	Council Meetings are held in a hybrid format, join virtually or in person. Participate in the following ways: In person, 6th floor of the Public Service Center, 1300 Franklin Street, Vancouver, WA 98666 Watch live on CVTV (Comcast channel 23) Livestream from your personal computer: www.cvtv.org Join by computer: WebEx Link Join by phone: Dial: 1-408-418-9388 Access Code: 2492 474 9202 Password: BOCC (2622 when dialing from a phone or video system) press 3 on phone to raise hand Submit comments:* Written via email: www.clark.wa.gov/councilors/public-comment Written via US Postal Service to the Clark County Council, c/o Rebecca Messinger, PO Box 5000, Vancouver, WA 98666-5000 During the meeting from your computer or phone: follow these instructions Proclamations Pride Month Foster Care Month Pledge of Allegiance Invocation Councilor Roll Call Amendments to the Agenda Public Hearing: Road Vacation - portion of NE 139th Street Hearing Packet Public Hearing: Public Use & Necessity NE Hazel Dell Ave & Burnt Bridge Creek Trail Crossing Hearing Packet Open Public Comment and Public Comment on Consent and Separate Business Items - written comments rec'd (5-20 to 6-2026) Consent: Minutes approved for: - May 19, 2026 County Council Appointments and Letters of Acceptance for: - Kim Hamlik appointed to the Clark County Law and Justice Council - Daniel Smith appointed to the Clark County Law and Justice Council - David Moss reappointed to the Commission on Aging - Donna Mason reappointed to the Commission on Aging - Megan Anderson appointed to the Commission on Aging Plats – for Notice Only - White Oak Cottages aka St. Johns & 109th Cottage Home Development - Alyabyev Short Plat - RVHB Cottage Subdivision Request approval of a contract amendment to extend the end date for Parametrix, Inc. to December 31, 2026, to provide climate change element planning consultant support for the 2025 Comprehensive Growth Management Plan periodic update. Request approval for grant acceptance and use of existing budget capacity in the General Fund for a reimbursement grant of $3,000 from the Foundation for Washington State Court. The grant is intended for a one-time purchase until funding is depleted. District Court will follow up with a staff report to formally adopt the receipt of funds as budget appropriation during the 2026 Fall Budget Supplemental. Request approval of the Collective Bargaining Agreement between Clark County and the Clark County Sheriff’s Office Support Guild. Request pre-approval for ongoing General Fund budget appropriation to support the increase annual costs associated with eProsecutor case management hosting and licensing, beginning in 2026. This adjustment will be formally submitted through a Change Request as part of the 2026 Fall Budget Supplemental process. Request approval and acceptance of the 2025 Annual Bridge Report. Request approval of federal funding contracts (Project Prospectus and Local Agency Agreement) for the Seismic Retrofit Bridge Bundle Project; CRP No. 354122. Request approval of a resolution for the temporary road closure of NE Caples Road between approximately 225 feet east of State Route 503 and approximately 265 feet north of NE 154th Street for the Brush Prairie Car Show on August 22, 2026, for a period not to exceed five hours. Separate Business: Request approval authorizing the County Manager to sign Amendment No. 1 to the Professional Services Contract (SCN00003268) between Clark County and Lower Columbia Estuary Partnership to increase the amount of the contract by $75,000 and extend the contract expiration date to June 20, 2027. Approval of a resolution directing the County Engineer to remove the buildings on Parcel No. 198094-000 for public safety purposes. Request approval to create a capital project and authorize the County Manager to execute a Purchase and Sale Agreement and sign a Warranty Deed and other necessary closing documents to acquire 2.7 acres located at 16417 NW 11th Avenue, Ridgefield, Washington. Presentation Request approval of a resolution to annex a portion of south Royle Road to the City of Ridgefield. County Manager Report Adjourn	Council Meeting
5/31/2026	Weekly Calendar
5/27/2026		Please note: Work Sessions scheduled for May 27, 2026 have been cancelled due to lack of a quorum.